MCB (kakang'ono ka breaker)
Makhalidwe
Adavotera pakadali pano osapitirira 125 A.
• Maulendo amuulendo samasinthika.
• Kutentha kwa maginito kapena matenthedwe.
MCCB (chowumbidwa cha dera breaker)
Makhalidwe
Adavotera pano mpaka 1600 A.
• Ulendo wamakono ukhoza kusinthika
• Kutentha kwa maginito kapena matenthedwe.
Woyendetsa dera
Makhalidwe
Adavotera pano mpaka 10,000 A.
• Makhalidwe oyenda nthawi zambiri amatha kusinthidwa kuphatikiza njira zosunthika komanso kuchedwa.
• Kawirikawiri amayang'anira zamagetsi - mitundu ina imayang'aniridwa ndi microprocessor.
• Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zamagetsi m'mafakitale akuluakulu, pomwe ma breaker amakonzedwa m'makola kuti azitha kusamalira bwino.
Zingalowe dera baka ichidachi
Makhalidwe
• Ndiotchulidwa pano mpaka 3000 A,
• Ma breaker awa amasokoneza arc mu botolo la zingalowe.
• Awa atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mpaka 35,000 V. Ma vacuum breaker amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wautali pakati pa kukonzanso kuposa momwe zimayendera ma air dera breakers.
RCD (yotsalira pano kachipangizo / RCCB (yotsalira pakadali pano)
Makhalidwe
• Gawo (mzere) ndi Ma waya osalowererapo olumikizidwa kudzera mu RCD.
• Imayendetsa dera lino pakakhala zolakwika zapadziko lapansi pano.
• Kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikuchitika pakadali pano (mzere) ziyenera kubwerera chifukwa chosalowerera ndale.
• Imazindikira ndi RCD. kusayanjanitsika kulikonse pakati pamafunde awiri omwe akuyenda mosadukiza komanso osazindikira kuloza mwa -RCD ndikupita kudera lamkati mwa 30Miliseconed.
• Ngati nyumba ili ndi dongosolo lapadziko lapansi lolumikizidwa ndi ndodo yapadziko lapansi osati chingwe chachikulu chomwe chimabwera, ndiye kuti liyenera kukhala ndi madera onse otetezedwa ndi RCD (chifukwa u mite sungathe kupeza zolakwika zokwanira kuti upite ku MCB)
• Ma RCD ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yodzitchinjiriza
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 30 mA (milliamp) ndi zida za 100 mA. Kutuluka kwaposachedwa kwa 30 mA (kapena 0.03 amps) ndikokwanira pang'ono kotero zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulandira mantha owopsa. Ngakhale 100 mA ndi chiwerengero chochepa poyerekeza ndi chamakono chomwe chitha kuyenda molakwika padziko lapansi popanda chitetezo chotere (zana la amps)
300/500 mA RCCB itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe pakufunika kuteteza moto kokha. Mwachitsanzo., pama magetsi oyatsa magetsi, pomwe chiopsezo chamagetsi chimachepa.
Malire a RCCB
• Ma RCCB amtundu wamagetsi apangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amtundu wamagetsi ndipo sangatsimikizidwe kuti agwire ntchito pomwe palibe mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse omwe amapangidwa ndi katundu. Chofala kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amawu omwe amawongolera mafunde omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa pulsating dc omwe amapangidwa ndi zida zoyendetsera liwiro, ma semi conductor, makompyuta komanso kuzimiririka.
• Ma RCCB osinthidwa mwapadera alipo omwe azigwira ntchito pa ac yokhazikika komanso kupindika DC.
• Ma RCD samapereka chitetezo pakuchulukitsitsa pakadali pano: Ma RCD amazindikira kuti kusakhazikika pamafunde amoyo komanso osalowerera ndale. Zowonjezera pakali pano, ngakhale zili zazikulu, sizingapezeke. Ndizomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ndi ma novice m'malo mwa MCB m'bokosi lama fuseti ndi RCD. Izi zitha kuchitika pofuna kuwonjezera chitetezo champhamvu. Ngati vuto losalowerera ndale likuchitika (dera lalifupi, kapena kuchuluka), RCD siyingakhumudwe, ndipo itha kuwonongeka. Mwachizolowezi, MCB yayikulu yamalowo ingapunthwe, kapena kulumikizidwa kwa ntchito, chifukwa chake zinthu sizingachitike chifukwa cha tsoka; koma zingakhale zosasangalatsa.
• Tsopano ndikotheka kupeza MCB ndi RCD mgulu limodzi, lotchedwa RCBO (onani pansipa). Kusintha MCB ndi RCBO yofanana nthawi zonse kumakhala kotetezeka.
• Kupunthwa kwa RCCB: Kusintha kwamagetsi mwadzidzidzi kumatha kuyambitsa kutsika kwakanthawi kochepa, makamaka pazida zakale. Ma RCD ali tcheru kwambiri ndipo amagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri; amathanso kupunthwa galimoto ya mufiriji wakale ikazima. Zida zina zimadziwika kuti `` zodontha '', ndiye kuti, zimatuluka pang'onopang'ono mpaka pano padziko lapansi. Mitundu ina yamakina apakompyuta, ndi ma TV akuluakulu, amadziwika kuti amayambitsa mavuto.
• RCD siyingateteze ku chotchingira cholumikizidwa ndi malo ake amoyo komanso osalowerera ndale m'njira yolakwika.
• RCD siyiteteza kutenthedwe komwe kumakhalapo oyendetsa akagundidwa bwino m'malo awo.
• RCD sidzateteza ku zisokonezo zomwe sizingachitike, chifukwa zomwe zilipo komanso zosalowerera ndale ndizoyenera. Chifukwa chake ngati mungakhudze makondakitala amoyo komanso osalowerera ndale nthawi yomweyo (mwachitsanzo, malo onse oyimitsira magetsi), mutha kudabwitsabe.
ELCB (Earth kutayikira Dera Bakuman)
Makhalidwe
• Gawo (mzere), waya Wandale ndi Dziko lapansi wolumikizidwa kudzera pa ELCB.
• ELCB ikugwira ntchito potengera kutayikira kwapano kwapadziko lapansi.
Nthawi Yogwiritsira Ntchito ELCB:
• Malire otetezedwa kwambiri pakadali pano omwe Thupi la Munthu limatha kulimbana nawo ndi mphindi 30ma.
• Tiyerekeze Kukaniza kwa Thupi la Anthu ndi 500Ω ndipo Voteji yopita pansi ndi 230 Volt.
• Thupi lamakono lidzakhala 500/230 = 460mA.
• Chifukwa chake ELCB iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 30maSec / 460mA = 0.65msec.
RCBO (Yotsalira Yoyendetsa Dera yokhala ndi OverLoad)
Kusiyana pakati pa ELCB ndi RCCB
• ELCB ndi dzina lakale ndipo nthawi zambiri limatanthawuza zida zamagetsi zomwe sizikupezeka ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzisinthire ngati mutazipeza.
• RCCB kapena RCD ndi dzina latsopano lomwe limatanthauzira omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pano (chifukwa chake dzina latsopano limasiyanitsa ndi magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito).
• RCCB yatsopano ndiyabwino kwambiri chifukwa izindikira vuto lililonse padziko lapansi. Mtundu wamagetsi umangodziwa zolakwika zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimadutsanso kudzera pa waya wapadziko lapansi ndiye chifukwa chake zidasiya kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Njira yosavuta yodziwira ulendo wakale wamagetsi ndikuyang'ana pa waya wapadziko lapansi wolumikizidwa.
• RCCB idzangokhala ndi mzere komanso kulumikizana kosalowerera ndale.
• ELCB ikugwira ntchito potengera kutayikira kwapano kwapadziko lapansi. Koma RCCB ilibe kuzindikira kapena kulumikizana kwa Dziko Lapansi, chifukwa gawo lomwe lili pano ndilofanana ndi kusalowerera ndale m'gawo limodzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake RCCB imatha kupunthwa pomwe mafunde onsewo ndi osiyana ndipo amatha kupirira mpaka mafunde onsewo ali ofanana. Onse osalowerera ndale ndi magawowa ndi osiyana kutanthauza kuti pakadali pano ikuyenda padziko lapansi.
• Pomaliza onse akugwirira ntchito yofanana, koma chinthucho ndikulumikizana ndi kusiyana.
• RCD sikutanthauza kulumikizidwa kwa dziko lapansi lokha (imangoyang'anira amoyo komanso osalowerera ndale) Kuphatikiza apo imazindikira kuyenda kwamtundu wapadziko lapansi ngakhale mu zida zopanda nthaka yake.
• Izi zikutanthauza kuti RCD ipitilizabe kuteteza zida zomwe zili ndi nthaka yolakwika. Izi ndizomwe zapangitsa RCD kukhala yotchuka kwambiri kuposa omenyerawo. Mwachitsanzo, ma break-breaker breakers (ELCBs) adagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka pafupifupi khumi zapitazo. Zipangizozi zimayeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoyendetsa padziko lapansi; ngati magetsiwa sanali zero izi zikusonyeza kutayikira kwapano padziko lapansi. Vuto ndiloti ma ELCB amafunikira kulumikizana kwapadziko lapansi, monganso zida zomwe zimateteza. Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma ELCB sikuvomerezedwanso.
Kusankhidwa kwa MCB
Khalidwe loyamba ndikutsata kwambiri komwe cholinga chake ndikuteteza kuti chingwe chisavutike mwangozi popanda vuto lililonse. Kuthamanga kwa MCB kudumpha kumasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwazambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatheka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kotentha mu MCB.
• Chikhalidwe chachiwiri ndikuteteza maginito, komwe cholinga chake ndikulakwitsa zikafika pamlingo wokonzekereratu ndikukayikitsa MCB pasanathe gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a sekondi. Mulingo wamaulendo amtunduwu umapatsa MCB mtundu wake motere:
|
Lembani |
Yotchera Current |
Nthawi Yogwira Ntchito |
| Mtundu B |
3 mpaka 5 katundu wathunthu wapano |
0.04 Kuti 13 Sek |
| Mtundu C |
5 mpaka 10 katundu wathunthu wapano |
0.04 Kuti 5 Sek |
| Lembani D |
10 mpaka 20 katundu wathunthu wapano |
0.04 Kuti 3 Sek |
Khalidwe lachitatu ndikutetezedwa kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe cholinga chake ndikuteteza kuzolakwika zazikulu mwina mwa zikwi za amps zoyambitsidwa ndi zolakwika zazifupi.
• Kutha kwa MCB kugwira ntchito pansi pa izi kumapereka kufupika kwakanthawi mu Kilo amps (KA). Mwambiri pazamagulu ogula zolakwika za 6KA ndizokwanira pomwe pama board a mafakitale zolakwitsa za 10KA kapena pamwambapa zingafunike.
Fuse ndi MCB
• Ma fuse ndi ma MCB amawerengedwa mu amps. Mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imaperekedwa pa fuseti kapena thupi la MCB ndi kuchuluka kwazomwe zidzadutse mosalekeza. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa zomwe zapatsidwa pakadali pano kapena mwadzina.
• Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ngati mtunda ukadutsa momwe ziliri pano, chipangizocho chimapunthwa, nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake ngati malongosoledwe ake ndi ma 30 amps, pano ma 30.00001 amps adzawayipitsa, sichoncho? Izi sizoona.
• Fuse ndi MCB, ngakhale mafunde awo amafanana, ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.
• Mwachitsanzo, Kwa 32Amp MCB ndi 30 Amp Fuse, kuti mutsimikize pakadutsa masekondi 0.1, MCB imafuna ma amps 128, pomwe fusetiyo imafuna ma ampiki 300.
• Fuseti ikufunikiranso kwambiri pakali pano kuti iphulitsidwe munthawiyo, koma zindikirani kukula kwa mafunde onsewa kuposa momwe '30 amps' adanenera pano.
• Pali mwayi woti pakatha mwezi umodzi, ampikisano wa 30 amp amp angayende atanyamula ma amps 30. Ngati lama fuyusi ali ndi zochulukirapo zingapo kale (zomwe mwina sizikadadziwika) izi ndizotheka kwambiri. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake mafyuzi nthawi zina amatha 'kuwomba' popanda chifukwa chomveka.
• Ngati lama fuyusi adalemba kuti '30 amps', koma amangoyimilira ma amps 40 kupitilira ola limodzi, kodi tinganene bwanji kuti ndi fuseti ya '30 amp '? Yankho ndikuti mawonekedwe amafuta ochulukirapo adapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zida zazingwe zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, chingwe chamakono chotetezedwa ndi PVC chitha kuyimilira 50% kwa ola limodzi, motero zikuwoneka zomveka kuti fuseti iyeneranso.
Post nthawi: Dis-15-2020